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How Potentiometer Works ? | Various Types of Potentiometer

How Potentiometer Works ? | Various Types of Potentiometer


Definition:


Potentiometer is the instrument which is use for measurement of potential difference, current and resistance accurately.

Potentiometer
How Potentiometer Works ? | Various Types of Potentiometer

There are mainly two types of potentiometer 


1. D.C. Potentiometer

2. A.C. Potentiometer


These two types are described in detail below

(1) D.C.Potentiometers

D.C. potentiometer further classified in two types:


1. Simple Potentiometer

2. Crompton Potentiometer


Now Description of these two potentiometer are as following below:


Simple Potentiometer

For the accurate measurement of potential difference, current and resistance the potentiometer is one of the most useful instruments.


The circuit diagram of simple Potentiometer is shown in below figure:


Circuit of potentiometer
Circuit Diagram of simple Potentiometer


Its principle of action is that an unknown e.m.f.
or  potential difference is measured by balancing it, wholly or in part, against a known difference of potential.


E2 / E1  =  L2 / L1


Crompton Potentiometer


The slide wire potentiometer is not a suitable arrangement for precision measurements. For accurate measurements the slide wire has to be very long which becomes very
inconvenient.


This potentiometer is very commonly
used in laloratories.


(2) A.C.Potentiometers



There will be the two main types of A.C.Potentiometers:


1. Those which measure the unknown voltage in polar form.


Drysdale polar potentiometer belongs to this category.


2. Those which measure the rectangular coordinates such that in phase and quadrature components of the unknown voltage.


Gall Tinsley Potentiometer belongs to this category.

Applications of A.C. Potentiometers:


✓ Measurement of voltage

✓ Measurement of current

✓ Meter calibration

✓ Measurement of impedance

✓ Miscellaneous measurements,  

like that a viz. measurement of ratio and phase angle errors of instrument transformers, measurement of core loss and magnetising current for specimens of sheet-steel etc.


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