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Classification of Hydro Electric Power Plant | Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydro Electric Power Plant

Classification of Hydro Electric Power Plant | Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydro Electric Power Plant


Hydro electric power plant
Classification of Hydro Electric Power Plant | Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydro Electric Power Plant


Classification of Hydro Electric Power Plant is mentioned below:


(1) Based on availability of head:

These are further classified as:

(a) Low head plants
(b) Medium head plants
(c) High head plants


(2)Based on nature of load:

These are further classified as:

(a) Base load plants
(b) Peak load plants


(3) Based on quantity of water available:

These are further classified as:

(a) Run-off river plants without pondage
(b) Run-off river plants with pondage
(c) Storage type plants.
(d) Pumped storage peak load plants.
(e) Mini and micro-hydel plants


Advantages of Hydro Electric Power Plant

✓ Though its capital cost is comparatively high but it's operation cost is much less. Due to this the cost of power generation per unit is less.


✓ These plants are more reliable.


✓ Starting and stopping of these plants takes very short time compared to steam and
nuclear power plants.


✓ These plants has no ash disposal problems of steam power plants and nuclear waste disposal problems of nuelear power plants.


✓ The life expectancy is higher. lt is about 50 years.


✓ These plants have high efficiency over wide range of loads compared to other power plants.


✓ These plants can be used both as base load and peak load plants.


✓ These plants require less supervising staff.


✓ These plants can be used for irrigation and flood control purposes in addition to power generation.


✓ It does not require any fuel for power generation.


Disadvantages of Hydro Electric Power Plant:

✓ The total power developed depends upon the availability of quantity of water. therefore these are dependent on rainfall.


✓ These plants are usually located far away from load centres, hence, it requires long transmission lines. So which increases the cost of transmission lines and power loss.


✓ Time required for development of such plants is high


✓ Hydroelectric plants need high capital cost and their selection is based on availability of water. 


lt disturbs the ecology of the area. Certain details like hydrology, hydrograph and mass curve are needed for location of hydro power plants.

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