Introduction to Arduino | Pin Function of Arduino | Working Process of Arduino

Introduction to Arduino | Pin Function of Arduino | Working Process of Arduino

Introduction to Arduino | Pin Function of Arduino | Working Process of Arduino

• Introduction To Arduino

Arduino is an Italian company that designs and manufactures Open Source Hardware (Microcontroller) and Open Source software or IDE (Integrated Development Environment).


Arduino hardware is such a programmable computerized platform, by working on which the user can combine the hardware and software and prepare the electronic brain according to his own and can control the electronic devices from that electronic brain.

• What is arduino?

If you want to understand more easily, then we can say that Arduino microcontroller is an empty brain, in which you can upload memory by coding or programming through arduino software, so these are called open source.


Arduino works like a CPU of a board computer. Right now the microcontroller of the arduino of this time that we can take up is like a small mobile phone, these old time computers which needed a very big room to keep,  Arduino's small microcontroller board is many times better than those computers


These microcontroller can read the sensor and write the same value i.e. we can tell it like a thermometer which senses the temperature on display to decimal value print in microcontroller.

Arduino hardware is such a programmable computerized platform on which the user can work together to prepare the electronic brain according to the hardware and software and can control the electronic devices from that electronic brain.

• Works Of Arduino

To control an electronic device, you can make many electronic projects and also make a machine like an Computer Numerical Control machine from an electronic device, and you can use Arduino in robotic brain, home automation and many other things.  

You can use it in many electronic projects and you can make many gadgets like sonar, pocket radar

• Parts of Arduino Hardware

I am writing about the parts of Arduino that need to be known, by making Arduino uno Base

Pin Diagram Of Arduino is Shown in below figure:

Printed Board

It converts all the circuit part of the arduino into a circuit board. All the components are made together to make the arduino printed circuit board.

USB connection

Through this Arduino software can upload the code / program written in the computer to the arduino board and it works to power the arduino board.

GND Pin

This pins is a short form of Ground, it reduces the ground for external circuit for another terminal.

5 volt power supply 

This pin is used to provide power supply to the entire circuit and another similar pin is 3.3 volt which gives power supply of 3.3 volt to the circuit.

Analog pin

These pins are from A0 to A5 in Arduino UNO i.e. total six pins, these are analog analog input pins like an analog sensor like potentiometer, temperature sensor etc.  Can read or sense and convert the received value to digital value or signal

Digital pin

Digital pin gives output from arduino board from 0 to 13 from which it outputs and outputs on all output components like servo motor, lcd display, led etc.

PWM pin

PWM is pulse width modulation pin. this pin is pwm sign (~) in arduino uno it is 3,5,6,10,11 this is a type of output that is received after input from analog sensor.

Reset button

This is a very useful button of arduino which when pressed or pushed, our uploaded code or program is reset and run / start again if we have written our code / program in void loop then the arduino board gets power only.  


Once run, but after reset button press, the program will run once again, in such a situation, we will not need to give power cut again to check / test the program and remove usb cable and reinstall it.

• Arduino UNO

The most popular Arduino uno microcontroller board of the Arduino family which has an ATmega328 processor, it has 16 input Output (I / O) Pin which has 6 PWM pin which is a good for beginner if you also know basic fundamentals of electronic.  

So you will be able to use Arduino uno and Arduino Mega is the largest microcontroller of this family which is used to provide electronic projects kits also Arduino can be given power from usb cable and power to power from Ac to Dc Adapter can be given.

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