Construction of Cable and It's Classification

Construction of Cable and It's Classification is given below in detail

Construction of Cable and It's Classification

• A cable is the made by solid conducting material i.e. copper or aluminium and it's coated by insulation material.

Construction Of Cable

• Cable is construct by various parts which is mentioned below:

1. Conductor
2. Insulation
3. Metallic sheath
4. Bedding
5. Armouring
6. Serving

• Description of all the parts is described below in detail..

  1. Conductor

• The main function of conductor is to carry the current in such a manner.

• There are different types of conductor are used i.e copper, aluminium, tin, etc..

• We can use gold and silver, but these metals are very costly.

  2. Insulation

• Insulation is required between the conductor and earth.

• There are different types of insulation are used such that PVC, paper, varnished rubber, metalized paper, etc...

• Insulation protect the conductor.

  3. Metallic sheath

• Moisture is effect the insulation, because of moisture electric strength will be decreases.

• So it should be required that the moisture does not enter into insulation.

• To avoid this effect, Sheath of lead is provided over the insulation.

• If we used copper conductor then aluminium sheath is provided over the insulation.

  4. Bedding

• Bedding is used for protect the sheath from mechanical damage.

  5. Armouring

• Armouring protect the cable from mechanical damage.

• To protect this two layers of galvanized steel wires are wound on the bedding.

  6. Serving

• Serving is the layer of jute which is provided on the armouring.

Classification of Cables

• Cable can be classified according to different bases. It can be classified below.

According to bases of number of core

1.  1 core cable
2.  2 core cable
3.  3 core cable
4.  3 (1/2) core cable
5.  4 core cable

According to bases of voltage

1. Low tension cable ( operating voltage upto 1000 V)
2. High tension cable ( operating voltage upto 11000 V)
3. Super tension cable ( operating voltage upto 33000 V)
4. Extra High tension cable ( operating voltage upto 66000 V)
5. Extra super voltage cable ( operating voltage upto 132000 V)

According to bases of application

1. Power cable ( for the transmission and distribution of power)
2. Control cable ( For transmission of control signal)

According to bases of insulation

1. Paper insulated cable
2. PVC insulated cable
3. Polithelene insulated cable
4. Rubber insulated cable
5. Varnished cambric insulated cable

According to bases of sheath

1. Aluminium sheathed cable
2. PVC sheathed cable
3. Lead sheathed cable
4. Lead alloyed sheathed cable

According to bases of armouring

1. Single layer steel wire armoured
2. Double layer steel wire armoured
3. Double layer steel tape armoured

According to bases of construction

1. Low tension cable
2. Screened or H type cable
3. SL type cable
4. HSL type cable
5. Belted cable
6. Super tension cable

• A. Oil filled cable
• B. Gas pressured cable