What is Capacitor? |
Definition
- Capacitor is electronic device which stores the electrical energy or electrical charge in electrical field.
- Capacitor is the passive element. It have two terminal.
- Capacitor does not allow change in voltage
- Capacitor used widely in many electrical circuit or in any electrical devices.
Symbol
Symbol of capacitor |
- Capacitor work like as a battery. It stores energy and then it's discharge through any device.
- Let first consider a basic structure of capacitor.
Basic Circuit Diagram of capacitor |
- Here two conductive plates are arrange parallel and dielectric medium is placed between these two plates.
- When we connect the battery and give the supply to these plates then charge in generated in their two plates.
- Positive charge is generate in one plate and negative charge is to be generate in second plate.
- Due to charge current flow one plate to another plate, So Capacitor will be charge due to this period.
- After some time that will be discharge from through any device.
C = εA/d
- Now, Mathematical expression for capacitor,
Where, c= capacitance
ε= permittivity of dielectric medium
A= Area of plate
d= distance between two plates
- We conclude that capacitance is dependent on dielectric medium, area of plates and distance between two plates.
- Also capacitance is the change in electric charge with respect to time.
C= dQ/dt
- Now, we learn series and parallel connection of capacitor.
Series connection:
1/C= 1/C1 + 1/C2 +....+ 1/Cn
Parallel connection:
C = C1 + C2 +...+ Cn
Different Types of Capacitor
- Ceramic capacitor
- Plastic film capacitor
- Metal film capacitor
- Electrolytic capacitor
- Silver mica capacitor
- Tantalum capacitors.....Etc...
- Here, There are different types of capacitor shown in below image.
Various Types of Capacitor |
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