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What is Capacitor?


How capacitor works?
What is Capacitor?

Definition


  • Capacitor is electronic device which stores the electrical energy or electrical charge in electrical field.

  •  Capacitor is the passive element. It have        two terminal.

  • Capacitor does not allow change in voltage

  • Capacitor used widely in many electrical circuit or in any electrical devices.

Symbol


Symbol of capacitor
Symbol of capacitor



  • Capacitor work like as a battery. It stores energy and then it's discharge through any device.



  • Let first consider a basic structure of capacitor.
Capacitor
Basic Circuit Diagram of capacitor


  • Here two conductive plates are arrange parallel and dielectric medium is placed between these two plates. 

  • When we connect the battery and give the supply to these plates then charge in generated in their two plates.  

  • Positive charge is generate in one plate and negative charge is to be generate in second plate. 

  • Due to charge current flow one plate to another plate, So Capacitor will be charge due to this period. 

  • After some time that will be discharge from through any device.  

  • Now, Mathematical expression for capacitor,
C =  ÎµA/d
                                  Where, c= capacitance

                                               Îµ= permittivity of dielectric                                                       medium

                                               A= Area of plate 

                                              d= distance between two                                                           plates

  • We conclude that capacitance is dependent on dielectric medium, area of plates and distance between two plates. 

  • Also capacitance is the change in electric charge with respect to time.

C= dQ/dt 
  • Now, we learn series and parallel connection of capacitor.


Series connection:



                 1/C= 1/C1 + 1/C2 +....+ 1/Cn

Parallel connection:


                   C = C1 + C2 +...+ Cn


Different Types of Capacitor

  • Ceramic capacitor 
  • Plastic film capacitor 
  • Metal film capacitor  
  • Electrolytic capacitor 
  • Silver mica capacitor  
  • Tantalum capacitors.....Etc... 

  • Here, There are different types of capacitor shown in below image.

Types of capacitor
Various Types of Capacitor

May You like to read article related to electical engineering 👇👇



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